Which mathematician is associated with the Fibonacci sequence?

The mathematician associated with the Fibonacci sequence is Leonardo of Pisa, who is commonly known as Fibonacci. In the early 13th century, he introduced this sequence to the western world in his book "Liber Abaci." The Fibonacci sequence starts with 0 and 1, with each subsequent number being the sum of the two preceding ones. This sequence has important applications in various fields such as mathematics, nature, computer science, and art.

Fibonacci's work demonstrated how sequences can exhibit remarkable properties and relationships, particularly related to the growth patterns in nature, such as the arrangement of leaves and the branching of trees. His introduction of this sequence laid the foundation for further exploration of mathematical sequences and their properties.

In contrast, the other mathematicians listed contributed notably to different areas in mathematics. Euclid is best known for his work in geometry, particularly for his book "Elements." Pythagoras is primarily associated with the Pythagorean theorem in relation to right triangles. Archimedes made significant advances in calculus, geometry, and mechanics, but none of their work relates directly to the Fibonacci sequence in the way that Fibonacci's does.